THE END OF ROMAN RULE IN BRITAIN AND THE ANGLO-SAXON SETTLEMENT OF ENGLAND DURING THE 5TH CENTURY.

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Horst Wolfgang Böhme
Trans. Robert Vermaat

This article is part of the FECTIO website.
This article is part of the FECTIO website.

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 List 2
Evidence of Military presence in Britain in the first half and middle of the fifth century.
(figure 44).

Buckle-loops, strap-ends and other belt-sets of continental origin.

  • 1. Traprain Law, Lothian. -Curle, Traprain Law (List 1 nr. 2). Table 32, 33, nr. 146, 147, 150. -Two silver buckle-loops of Danubian origin and chip-carved, disc-like strap-ends. Not on map. (fig. 21.1, 2, 6).
  • 1a. Carrawburgh, Northumberland. -D.J. Breeze, Arch. Aehana 50, 1972, 137 fig. 16, 166. -Propeller-shaped stiffener (fig. 21.9).
  • 2. Catterick, North Yorks. -Ch.-H., Krieger 233 fig. 24. -Catterick-type buckle-loop (fig. 19.1).
  • 3. Nunburnholme, Humberside. -Eagles, Humberside fig. 116,1. -Buckle-loop with fixed plate, probably type Haillot (fig. 19.3).
  • 4. North Luffenham, Leics. -Ch.-H., Krieger 226 fig. 26,1. -Chip-carved type 3 strap-end (fig. 21.7).
  • 5. Icklingham, Suffolk. -Ch.-H., Krieger 225 fig. 25,8. -Lancet-shaped type C strap-end (fig. 21.3).
  • 5a. Croxton, Norfolk. -Ch.-H., Krieger 226 fig. 26,5. -Rosettes (fig. 21.8).
  • 6. Gloucester, Glos. -D. Brown, Antiq. Journal 55, 1975, 291 fig. -Silver buckle-loops and strap-ends of Danubian origin (fig. 25).
  • 7. Cassington, Oxon. -Ch.-H., Krieger 225 fig. 25,6. -Lancet-shaped type A strap-end (fig. 21.10).
  • 8. Long Wittenham, Oxon. -Ch.-H., Krieger 221 fig. 22,1; Evison, Invasions fig 12a. –Buckle-loop with fixed plate type Haillot (fig. 19.4).
  • 9. Dorchester-on-Thames, Oxon. -Ch.-H., Krieger 159 fig. 1, 1-13. –Simple belt-set with lancet-shaped type A strap-end (fig. 20).
  • 10. Croydon, London. -Ch.-H., Krieger 225 fig. 25.3; 226 fig. 26,7. -Lancet-shaped strap-end type A, with Rosettes (fig. 21.4, 21.11).
  • 11. Mucking, Essex. -Evison, Maps 162 fig. 6.a-c. –Simple belt-set with fixed-plate buckle-loop of type Haillot with Rosettes (fig. 19.6, 7, 8, 9).
  • 12. Milton-next-Sittingbourne, Kent. -Ch.-H., Krieger 162 fig.2. -Simple belt-set with lancet-shaped type A strap-end (fig. 19.10, 11, 12, 13, 14).
  • 13. Richborough, Kent. -Ch.-H., Krieger 225 fig. 25.2. -Lancet-shaped type B strap-end (fig. 21.5).
  • 14. Kent, unknown. -Ch.-H., Krieger 221 fig 22.3. –Fixed-plate buckle-loop type Haillot. Not on map (fig. 19.2).
  • 14a Unknown, Douglas Collection, -Evison, Buckles 248 fig3.b. -Fixed-plate buckle-loop type Trier-Samson (fig. 19.5). Not on Map.

Swords (Spatha) Types Krefeld Gellep and Brighthampton.

  • 15. Spong Hill, Norfolk. -Hills, Spong Hill 142 fig. 95.5. –Type Brighthampton (fig. 36).
  • 16. Brighthampton, Oxon. -Evison, Invasions fig. 11.a-c. –Type Brighthampton (fig. 35).
  • 17. Abingdon, Oxon. –Evison, Invasions fig. 22.c, j, k. –Type Krefeld-Gellep (fig. 32).
  • 18. Petersfinger, Wilts. -Evison, Invasions fig. 18.a-d. –Type Krefeld-Gellep (fig. 33).

Fixed-plate Buckles Type Krefeld-Gellep

  • 19. Mucking, Essex. -Evison, Buckles 248 fig. 3.c. (fig. 31.1).
  • 20. Sarre, Kent. -Evison, Maps 158 fig. 2.b. (fig. 31.2).
  • 21. Sarre, Kent. -Ch.-H., Krieger 221 fig. 22.2. (fig. 31.3).
  • 22. Alfriston, Sussex. -Evison, Invasions fig. 24.d. (fig. 31.4).

Weapons

  • 23. Housesteads, Northumberland. -W.H. Manning, Catalogue of Romano-British Ironworks in the Museum of Antiquities Newcastle upon Tyne (1976) fig. 15.55. –Iron axe (fig. 41.1).
  • 24. Coldham, Cambs. -T.W. Potter, Britannia 12 (1981) 99 fig. 9.12. –Iron axe (fig. 41.2).
  • 25. Brancaster, Norfolk. -J. Hincliffe and C.P. Green, Excavations at Brancaster 1974 and 1977, East Anglian Arch. Report 23 (1985) 218 fig. 93. 78-80. –Two Iron axes (fig. 41.4, 5).
  • 26. Caistor-by-Norwich, Norfolk. -J.N.L. Myres and B. Green, The Anglo-Saxon Cemeteries of Caistor-by-Norwich and Markhall, Norfolk (1973) fig. 64.1. –Iron axe (fig. 41.3).
  • 27. Burgh Castle, Norfolk. -S. Johnson, Burgh Castle – Excavations by Charles Green 1958-61, East Anglian Arch. Report 20 (1983) 74 fig. 32. 26-27. –Two iron axes (fig. 42.16, 17).
  • 28. Gestingthorpe, Essex. -J. Draper, Excavations by Mr H.P. Cooper on the Roman Site at Hill Farm, Gestingthorpe, Essex. East Anglian Arch. Report 25 (1985) 45, fig. 20, 161-162. –Two iron axes with strongly curved top (fig. 41.6, 7).
  • 29. Caerleon, Gwent. - V.E. Nash-Williams, The Roman Legionary Fortress at Caerleon in Monmouthshire vol.2 (1932) 51 fig. 42. –Bone tips from Asiatic-Danubian reflex-bows (fig. 42. 1-15).
  • 30. Richborough, Kent. -Ch.-H., Krieger 176f. fig. 6-7. -Warrior Grave with spatha, lance, shield-buckle. Single finds: lances, buckles, axes with curved top, as well as sword- and dagger-pommels (figs. 39 and 40).

Glaston-type Brooches

  • 31. Glaston, Leics. -Evison, Invasions fig. 10d. (fig. 43.3).
  • 32. Icklingham or West Stow, Suffolk. –Evison, Invasions fig. 10c. –(fig. 43.6).
  • 33.West Stow, Suffolk. -Evison, Invasions fig. 10a, -(fig. 43.2).
  • 34. West Stow, Suffolk. -St.West, West Stow, The Anglo-Saxon village 2. East Anglian Arch. Report 24 (1985) fig. 201.3. -(fig. 43.5).
  • 35. Mucking, Essex. - Evison, Maps 161 fig. 5b. –(fig. 43.4).
  • 36. Howletts, Kent. -Evison, Invasions fig. 10f. –(fig. 43.1).

Horse-head shaped Buckle-loops (Chadwick Hawkes Type Ib)
For references to several buckle-loops of this type see List 3, no. 9-39.

For a list of abbreviations used in the references, Click here.

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