THE END OF ROMAN RULE IN BRITAIN AND THE ANGLO-SAXON SETTLEMENT OF ENGLAND DURING THE 5TH CENTURY.

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Horst Wolfgang Böhme
Trans. Robert Vermaat

This article is part of the FECTIO website.
This article is part of the FECTIO website.

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 List 1
Evidence of Military presence in Britain in the middle and second half of the fourth century
(figure 18).

Zoomorphic buckles, Chip-carved belt-sets and other material of continental origin.

  • 1. Coleraine, Londonderry, Northern Ireland. -H. Mattingly and J.W.F. Pearce, The Coleraine Hoard, Antiquity 11, 1937: Tab. 4, above and left. -Buckle Loop (fig. 2.4) and a piece of a silver chip-carved belt-set. Type B (fig. 2.3). Not on map.
  • 2. Traprain Law, Lothian -A.O. Curle, The Treasure of Traprain. A Scottish Hoard of Roman Silver Plate (1923): Tab. 32,33 nr. 149. -Silver chip-carved tonge. Not on map.
  • 2a. Maryport, Cumbria. -M.G. Jarret, Maryport, Cumbria: A Roman Fort and its Garrison. Cumberland and Westmoreland Antiqu. and Arch. Soc. Extra Series Vol. 22 (1976): 77 fig. 21 above. -Straight buckle-loop of a buckle with four propeller-shaped stiffeners. (fig. 13.1).
  • 3. Beadlam, N. Yorkshire. -I.M. Stead, Yorkshire Arch. Journal 43, 1971: 185 fig. 5,3. -Chip-carved strap-end. (fig. 5.10).
  • 4. Hibaldstow, Lincs. -Britannia 8, 1977, 390 fig. 18, -Zoomorphic buckle-loop (fig. 4.3).
  • 5. Leicester, Leics. -Ch.-H., Krieger 225 fig. 25,1. -Chip-carved strap-end (fig. 5.11).
  • 6. Caistor by Norwich, Norfolk. -Ch.-H., Krieger 226 fig. 26,2. -Rosettes (fig. 6.5).
  • 7. Icklingham, Suffolk. -Ch.-H., Krieger 220 fig. 21,4. -Zoomorphic buckle (fig. 4.5).
  • 8. Ixworth, Suffolk. Ch-H., Krieger 225 fig. 25,7. -Chip-carved strap-end (fig. 5.7).
  • 8a. Caerwent, Gwent. -Mus. Newport. Kind notice by S. v. Schnurbein, Frankfurt. -Two buckles with fixed, triangular buckle-plates, one of which with openings.
  • 9. Cirencester, Glos. -D. Brown, Archaeological Evidence for the Anglo-Saxon Period, in: A. Mc Whirr (Ed.), Archaeology and History of Cirencester. BAR, Brit. Series 30 (1976) 20, fig. 3,1 nr.3. -Buckle-loop with fixed, triangular openwork buckle-plate. (fig. 5.2).
  • 10. Shakenoak, Oxon. -S. Chadwick Hawkes, late Roman military belt-fittings from Shakenoak Farm, Oxfordshire, in: A.C.C. Brodribb, A.R. Hands and D.R. Walker, Excavations near Shakenoak Farm, near Wilcote, Oxfordshire. Vol. 1(1968) 96 ff; 87 fig. 29 nr. 13 and 15. Vol.2 (1971) 109 fig. 46, 65. -Rosettes (fig 6.4), belt-loop (fig. 6.8) and buckle-loop with fixed triangular buckle-plate without openings (fig. 5.4).
  • 10a. Minster Lovell, Oxon. -Jarret, Maryport (List 1 nr. 2a) 79 note 85. -Propeller-shaped stiffener.
  • 11. Oxford, Oxon. Ch.-H., Krieger 220 fig. 21,6. -Zoomorphic buckle (fig. 4.2).
  • 11a Woodeaton, Oxon. -R.M. Woboda, Germania 64 (1986) 99, fig. 4,2. -Buckle-loop with fixed, triangular buckle-plate without openings (fig. 5.3).
  • 12. Bradwell, Milton Keynes, Bucks. -Medieval Arch. 21 (1977) 205 fig. 71. -Zoomorphic buckle (fig. 4.4).
  • 13. London-Smithfield. Ch.-H., Krieger table 58,5. -Chip-carved belt-set Type B (fig. 1.5).
  • 14. Colchester, Essex. -Ph. Crummy, Aspects of Anglo-Saxon and Norman Colchester Arch. Report 1 (1981) 7 fig. 8,1. -Propeller-shaped stiffener (fig. 13.2).
  • 14a Dorchester, Dorset. -Mus. Dorchester. Kind notice by S. v. Schnurbein, Frankfurt. -Buckle-loop with fixed, triangular buckle-plate without openings.
  • 15. Holbury, West Dean, Wilts. -Ch.-H., Krieger 220 fig. 21,3. -Zoomorphic buckle (fig. 4.9).
  • 16. Winchester, Hants. -Clarke, Lankhills 269 fig. 33; 274 fig. 35, 498; 280 fig. 36, 492. -Belt-set with Zoomorphic Buckle and lancet-shaped strap-end. (fig. 5.1).
  • 17. Croydon, London. -Evison, invasions 28 note 11. - Buckle-loop with fixed, triangular buckle-plate with openings (as in list 1 nr.9).
  • 18. Snodland, Kent. -Ch.-H., Krieger table 60,1. -Chip-carved belt-set type Muthmannsdorf (fig. 2.1).
  • 19. Richborough, Kent. -Ch.-H., Krieger 223 fig. 23. -Chip-carved belt-set type Chécy (fig. 4.1).
  • 20. Richborough, Kent. -Ch.-H., Krieger 220 fig. 21, 2,5; fig. 25, 4,5. - Two zoomorphic buckles (fig. 4.7, 8) and two chip-carved strap-ends (figs. 5.6, 8).
  • 21. Richborough, Kent. -Ch.-H., Krieger 226 fig. 26,3.4.6.8. -Three rosettes (fig. 6.1, 2, 3) and a tubular edging-plate. (fig. 5.5). Chadwick Hawkes, Shakenoak Vol. 1 (List 1 nr. 10) 97 fig. 33,2.3. -Two belt-loops (figs. 6.6, 7).
  • 21a. Richborough, Kent. -J.P. Bushe-Fox, Second Report on the Excavations of the Roman Fort at Richborough, Kent (1928) table 21 fig. 2,52; Fourth Report.. (1949) table 53, 209. -Two propeller-shaped stiffeners (figs. 13.3, 4).
  • 22. Alfriston, Sussex. -Evison, Invasions fig. 16.i. -Chip-carved belt-plate (fig. 2.2).
  • A-B. Two complete chip-carved belt-sets which are known to originate from inhumations, have been found in all probability in Kent, possibly from Richborough. -Ch.-H., Krieger table 58,1-4; 59, 1-2. -Chip-carved buckle-loop type Herbergen with matching strap-end and two rosettes (22A: figs. 2,5, 6&7, 8); Chip-carved belt-set Type A (22B: figs. 1.1, 2, 3, 4). Not on Map.

Brooches

  • 23. Traprain Law, Lothian. -Curle, Traprain Law (List 1 nr. 2) table 32-33, nr. 145. -Little silver plate brooch of eastern Germanic origin. (fig. 15.2) Not on map.
  • 24. Norton, N. Yorks. Eagles, Humberside fig. 110. -Crossbow brooch (fig. 15.1).
  • 25. Londesborough, Humberside. -M.J. Swanton, An early Alamannic brooch from Yorkshire, in: Antiq. Journal 47 (1967) 44 fig. 1,4. -Annular brooch (fig. 15.5).
  • 26. Kempsford, Glos. -T.M. Dickinson, Fowler’s type G Penannular Brooches Reconsidered. Medieval Arch. 26 (1982) 65 fig. 37, 55. -Annular brooch (fig. 15.4).
  • 27. St. Albans, Herts. -R. Hattatt, Ancient and Romano-British Brooches (1982) 125 fig. 54,106. -Brooch with trapezoid foot (fig. 15.3).

Dolphin-buckles, mostly with openwork plates (Chadwick Hawkes Types IIA and IIB)

  • 28. Traprain Law, Lothian. -Proc. Soc. Antiq. Scotland 49 (1914-15) 174 fig. 26,3 (fig. 9.3). Not on map.
  • 29. Dragonby, Scunthorpe, Humberside. -Ch.-H., Buckles 388 fig. 3,4 (fig. 9.6).
  • 30. Osgodby, Lincs. -Eagles, Humberside fig. 111,2.
  • 31. Lincoln, Lincs. -Ch.-H., Buckles 388 fig. 3,5 (fig. 9.7).
  • 32. Sleaford, Lincs. -Ch.-H., Krieger 217 fig. 20,2 (fig. 10.1).
  • 33. Saltersford, Grantham, Lincs. -Ch.-H., Krieger 215 fig. 19,24 (fig. 7.12).
  • 34. Leicester, Leics. -Ch.-H., Krieger 214 fig. 18,19 (fig. 7.1).
  • 35. Leicester, Leics. -Ch.-H., Krieger 214 fig. 18,10 (fig. 8.6).
  • 36. Duston, Northants. -Ch.-H., Krieger 214 fig. 18,17 (fig. 7.2).
  • 37. Water Newton, Cambs. -Ch.-H., Krieger 215 fig. 19,19 (fig. 7.5).
  • 38. Lakenheath, Suffolk. -Ch.-H., Krieger 215 fig. 19,23 (fig. 7.13).
  • 39. Caistor-by-Norwich, Norfolk. -Ch.-H., Krieger 214 fig. 18,3 (fig. 7.3).
  • 40. Caistor-by-Norwich, Norfolk. -Ch.-H., Krieger 214 fig. 18,4 (fig. 8.10).
  • 41. Caerwent, Gwent. -Ch.-H., Krieger 214 fig. 18,1 (fig. 8.3).
  • 42. Caerwent, Gwent. -Ch.-H., Krieger 214 fig 18,2 (fig. 7.4).
  • 43. Lydney Park, Glos. -Ch.-H., Krieger 214 fig. 18,12 (fig. 7.11).
  • 44. Lydney Park, Glos. -Ch.-H., Krieger 215 fig. 19,13 (fig. 8.2).
  • 45. Gloucester, Glos. -Britannia 7, 1976, 354; Clarke, Lankhills 451 Addenda C.
  • 46. Gloucester, Glos. -Britannia 8, 1977, 413; Clarke, Lankhills 451 Addenda C.
  • 47. Sea Mills, Avon. -Ch.-H., Krieger 215 fig. 19,17 (fig. 8.9).
  • 48. North Wraxall, Wilts. -Ch.-H., Krieger 215 fig. 19,14 (fig. 7.14).
  • 49. Cirencester, Glos. -Ch.-H., Bukcles 388 fig. 3,6 (fig. 9.2).
  • 50. Chedworth, Glos. -Ch.-H., Krieger 214 fig. 18,5 (fig. 7.9).
  • 50a Mildenhall (Cunetio), Wilts. -F. K. Annable, Wiltshire Arch. Magazine 70/71, 1975-76 (1978) 128 fig. 1 (fig. 8.11).
  • 51. Silchester, Hants. -Ch.-H., Krieger 215 fig. 19,18 (fig. 7.8).
  • 52. Luton, Beds. -Ch.-H., Krieger 215 fig. 19,20 (fig. 8.7).
  • 53. St. Albans, Herts. -Ch.-H., Krieger 215 fig. 19,16 (fig. 7.7).
  • 54. Mucking, Essex. Evison, Maps 161 fig. 5,a (fig. 9.8).
  • 55. Colchester, Essex. -Ch.-H., Krieger 214 fig. 18,6 (fig. 8.1).
  • 56. Dorchester, Dorset. -Britannia 15, 1984, 261 fig. 11 (fig. 9.1).
  • 57. Old Sarum, Wilts. -Ch.-H., Krieger 215 fig. 19,15 (fig. 8.8).
  • 58. Holbury, west Dean, Wilts. Ch.-H., Krieger 214 fig. 18,8 (fig. 8.4).
  • 59. Winchester, Hants. - Clarke, Lankhills 274 fig 35, 92 (fig. 9.11).
  • 60. Winchester, Hants. - Clarke, Lankhills 274 fig 35, 603 (fig. 9.10).
  • 61. Droxford, Hants. -Evison, Buckles 249 fig 4,1 (fig. 9.5).
  • 62. Mitcham, London. -Ch.-H., Krieger 215 fig. 19,21 (fig. 7.10).
  • 63. Lullingstone, Kent. -Ch.-H., Krieger 214 fig. 18,11 (fig. 7.6).
  • 64. Wye, Kent. -Ch.-H., Buckles 388 fig. 3,7 (fig. 10.3).
  • 65. Richborough, Kent. -Ch.-H., Krieger 217 fig. fig 20,1 (fig. 10.2); B.W. Cunliffe (ed.), Fifth Report on the Excavations of the Roman Fort at Richborough, Kent (1968) table 35, 103 (fig. 9.4).
  • 66. Dover, Kent. -Evison, Invasions fig. 9,c (fig. 9.9).
  • 67. Sarre, Kent. -Ch.-H., Krieger 215 fig. 19,22 (fig. 8.5).

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